Compares wage rates and hours of work for the WWI and WWII eras, focusing specifically on the manufacturing, mining, railroad, printing and maritime industries, as well as farm labor wages. Source: Median wages for butlers, chauffeurs, gardeners, furnace men and "house men" employed to work in private households in Philadelphia in the late 1920s. Tells cost of public transportation and railway fares as well. Wages are shown in Spanish pesetas. Wages are shown in both Francs and contemporary US dollars. Mr. Shows the changes in wages of united Illinois coal miners following a labor agreement. A paid subscription is required for full access. By 1850, approximately half of Kanawha Countys slaves worked in the salt industrymany mined coal to fuel the furnaces. HEALTH CARE Prices are shown in Japanese yen. Wages are shown in Japanese yen. Source: BLS, Shows the daily wages and hours of workers in 4 different industries in Madrid. Source: BLS, Shows the wage scale for various occupations for Japanese and Chinese workers in Dairen. Source: BLS Monthly Labor Review, Dec 1920 Source: Describes the labor policy of Australia in the 1920's and throughout the rest of the early 20th century. Link navigates to a record containing multiple years worth of this publication. Coal companies also recruited in Europe. "A good hotel room costs only $4-5 per day while a hospital charges $6 and $7." Check the, Shows the daily rate of Utah coal mining workers in a variety of jobs and occupations. Source: BLS Bulletin no. Source: BLS. No. BBC ON THIS DAY | 13 | 1975: Miners set for 35 per cent pay rises Then, with their lamps casting a dim yellow light on the dark hillside, the men and boys disappeared one by one into the hole, like ants entering a colony. See data considerations for explanation. Shows weekly wages for male and female workers in common industries such as textile manufacture and mining, and also more uncommon like ice cream manufacture and hospitality services. Shows data for 12 cities located in NY, OH, PA and MA, including NYC, Boston, Philadelphia and more. Other enslaved African Americans escaped from the salt works to Ohio, a free state only 60 miles away. Wages are shown in Latvian rubles. BookTok is Good, Actually: On the Undersung Joys of a Vast and Multifarious Platform, Seven Crime Novels Centered Around Musicians Out in 2023, Arlington Road: The Conspiracy Thriller That Foresaw the Spread of Far-Right Extremism in America, If you want to laugh, watch this Mitchell and Webb sketch about inviting Shaggy and Scooby Doo to a party, Uncrackable: 5 Films Featuring Devilishly Difficult Heists. The study pays particular attention to women who made less than the average wage. Source: BLS, Shows the average wage rates for 19 different occupations in Hamburg, Germany. Shows family expenditures by category. At dawn, the workers reported to the payroll clerk in the company office, where they were handed numbered brass checks to attach to each coal car they loaded. Every three or four hundred feet, passageways were cut, creating narrower, corridor-like rooms that led to a coal face where each miner and his buddy worked in their own room. The colliers left large pillars of coal standing as they cut the face forward and sideways through breakthroughs that led to parallel rooms. Tables are broken down by type of job, gender of employee, and geography. The need to correct these abuses led the UMWA to demand the employment of a check-weigh man whom the miners could trust. Miners spent their entire shift underground, taking lunch, drinks, and snacks with them. Shows the daily cost of food, heat, and light for a working family of 4 following independence. A strong, skilled coal loader might fill five or more cars in a day. Retail prices for brick, cement, lumber of various kinds, window glass, shingles, nails and more. 408, Shows the wages of a variety of occupations in the capital of Argentina. One statute required operators to print maps of their mines, but it excluded any provisions for enforcing this requirement. See also "C" tab above for carpenters, cement workers, etc. Typewriters, school supplies, office supplies, fountain pens, more fountain pens, books, drawing sets, home office furniture. But you get a certain amount of desperation, where youre willing to believe stuff even though you know in your gut its not true.. A mail order catalog for the Fall/Winter season, 1920-1921. Includes breakouts for those who lived with the family and those who did not. Source: Lists minimum and maximum daily wages for male and female workers. This is a New Zealand government document. Shows the daily wages for 11 different occupations in Parahyba, Brazil. Dresses, dresses (in color), coats, bonnets and coats, hats, shoes, girl's toys. Boys labored inside, sorting coal by size and removing rock. About half of the surveyed penal institutions gave prisoners some compensation, based on its use as incentive toward good work and better behavior, and to provide the convict with a small way to provide for his family. Source: AAUP report. Source: BLS, Shows the retail price of various foodstuffs and other items in Prague following Czechoslovakian independence. Average earnings by occupation and districts. Also tells pay for court clerks and marshals. Shows salaries for officers, managers, clerks, operators, etc. The union was very important to miners. Mule drivers and trapper boys like Frank Keeney set out at six oclock every morning with the adult miners, who each carried a pick and auger, a can of black blasting powder, fuses, and a tamping rod. Source: page 13 in. Source: BLS, Shows the average pay for a 48 hour week throughout 5 different industries in Milan. This earlier catastrophe outraged Mother Jones, who spoke of it often on her organizing campaign that year, and it had triggered public pressure to improve the states mine safety laws. Shows forty pages of incomedata with numerous breakouts. Source: BLS Monthly Labor Review (April 1931). Source: BLS Monthly Labor Review, March 1932, The "Service Industries" chapter in this source breaks out wages paid to workers in hospitals, hotels, bowling alleys, theaters, parks, churches, country clubs, athletic clubs and yacht clubs, advertising agencies, banks, laundries, schools/colleges, and restaurants (making no distinction between waiters, cooks or bus boys). The following two tables shows the average daily earnings of industrial and building workers by occupation as well as in Moscow, Leningrad, and the Ural mountain region. Describes the labor policy of Canada in the 1920's and throughout the rest of the early 20th century. Shows average value for farm land and buildings from 1850-1982. If a man died in a mine, they quit work to honor him and to take up a collection for his surviving wife and children. First, the men had topush an empty coal car up wooden rails that they had installed on their own time. Source: BLS, Shows the average daily wages of day laborers, farm hands, clerks, bookkeepers, government employees, and army members in Lithuania. Wages shown in 1931 US dollars. Bulletin of the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics, No. Wages are shown in Brazilian milreis. View object record Miner's hat, about 1930 Wages are shown in both Hungarian gold crowns and contemporary U.S. dollars. $20.00 per week. Washington, D.C. Email powered by MailChimp (Privacy Policy & Terms of Use), The American Twins, Harpers Weekly, 1874, African American History Curatorial Collective. In 1974, the Environmental Protection Agency commissioned photojournalist Jack Corn to document the plight of the American coal miner in Appalachia. Source: Women's Bureau Bulletin #25. Source: BLS. "The sum of $4,000 will buy only a very modest home and even then it will have to be in one of the smaller citiesor in a remote suburb of a large city." Source: Shows the earnings per hour and week for sawmill workers over a 20 year period. in FOREIGN COUNTRIES, FOOD See answers (2) Best Answer. Source: U.S. BLS. The Life of a Coal Miner | eHISTORY - Ohio State University Kanawha County coal seams were relatively thick, so men could often stand or just bend slightly, but some coal cutters had to work bent over all day in low coal. After sorting out the slate fragments and loading the car, the miner attached his brass check to the side of the car and pushed it out into the main tunnel, where mules or a small locomotive pulled the load out of the mine to the weigh station and then to the tipple, where the coal would be prepared and funneled into railroad cars. Stealing another mans coal was considered a terrible crime. A thief could commit this offense easily, simply by removing one miners brass check from his coal car and replacing it with his own; but the miners often detected this kind of trickery and banded together to demand the thiefs termination. Shows the average daily wages of Japanese and Chinese workers in various occupations for the South Manchuria Railway Co. Wages are shown in both contemporary yen and US dollars. Source: Lists prices of typical food items, housing expenses, clothing, fuel, light and more. Wages are shown in French francs. Compares to national averages. When young Frank Keeney walked through a mine portal in 1892, perhaps an older miner, maybe a neighbor, offered him some words of consolation or, at least, instruction as they traveled in and outof the mine on what was known as a man trip. Or he might have heard some words of warning from the older boys who led the mules and coal cars back and forth through the door he tended. After checking in, they climbed up a steep trail from the office to the portal of a mine. Corn visited coal mines and mountain communities from Virginia to Tennessee, photographing the working and domestic lives of miner families and their struggles with low wages, unsafe working conditions, and black lung disease. Source: BLS. Shows annual salaries for all school personnel in Texas without breakouts for occupation, years of training, years of experience, etc. On one hand, the miners discipline and death-defying courage made them ideal industrial soldiers; on the other hand, the qualities the men forged in underground combat with the elementsbravery, fraternal fealty, and group solidarityhardened them for aboveground combat with their employers. 8836. Includes clam, lobster, oyster industries and more. Tables 6-13 show farm land prices by county in IA, MN, ND, ID, OH, KY, NC and TX. Source: One-page table shows 80 years of average retail prices for bread, milk, eggs and other common food items. 407. Source: Lists results of 22 studies that show the % of family budget spent in various categories (rent, food, health, etc.). Scroll forward and back to see the various cities for which average food prices are available. Coal Miners - West Virginia Paragraph below the table describes the weekly earnings of blast furnace workers, smelters, rolling mill operators, and foundry workers in both Pounds Sterling and U.S. There was little prospect then that coal would be in demand as it is today or that the daily wage of miners would be multiplied 8 to 10 times by 1974. Wages are listed in Mexican currency with exchange rate for calculating amounts in U.S. dollars. FromTHE DEVIL HERE IN THESE HILLS(Atlantic Monthly Press), now out in paperback. Appalachias traditionally small, locally owned mines started merging with larger energy firms in the 1960s, and by 1970 bituminous coal employment had dropped to 140,000 people from its 1923 peak of 740,000. By 2003 that number had dipped to just 70,000. Source: BLS, Shows the average retail prices of food, clothing, and fuel prices in Shanghai. Before the 1930s, many boys worked in mines. Coal mining jobs - Hours and earnings, 1919-1933; Coal mining wages by state, 1923 Source: Miners' wages and the cost of coal: an inquiry into the wages system., pp. Knickerbockers, shirts, high school boy's suits, boy's fine suits, overcoats, winter coats, jackets, pajamas, rain coats, caps and hats, shoes. Source: BLS Monthly labor review, Apr 1926, Shows the average retail prices of various foodstuffs throughout Switzerland. how much did coal miners get paid in the 1950s Fixtures, chamberpots, bathroom soaps, towels, toilet paper. Wages are shown in Belgian francs. Musical instruments: For easier browsing, the information is. Wages are shown in Czech krone. Source: This source is entirely about compensation of state and local government employees in New York. In the late 1800s mining was rough physical labor. For hours on end, a trapper boys ears would take in the strange sounds made by creaking timbers, rattling coal cars, clopping mules, and thudding blasts of explosions deep in the mine, while his eyes would behold surreal sights, like the white bones of ancient fish skeletons and the remains of tropical plants when they were illuminated by the miners lamps. Source: BLS Monthly Labor Review (July 1930), Shows the average wages of multiple occupation in the mining industry. Prices on pp. MERCHANDISE 1920, Home plans and costs to build in California, 1920, Retail prices of building materials by city, 1922, Building material prices paid by farmers, 1923-1924, Cost to construct houses, by type of material - 1921, Building material prices paid by farmers, 1910-1960, Farm real estate - Average value by state and county, 1920, Price of farm land by county in selected states, 1912-1924, New England farms and land - Average value by county, 1920-1930, Farm real estate values in Midwestern states, 1912-2019, Land in Missouri - Cost to rent or buy by county, 1922, Rents in working class neighborhoods in Cincinnati, 1920, Household heating fuel costs and expenditures by city, 1927, Electricity - Average monthly bill, 1924-1950, Household electricity costs and expenditures by city, 1927, Changes in retail prices of electricity, 1923-38, Car prices with illustrations, 1900-1920s, Gasoline prices andtaxes, and annual consumption per vehicle, 1920-1939, Horse-drawn carriages, buggies and accessories, 1920, Horse and mule prices by state, 1919-1920, City transit fares in NY, PA, OH and MA - 1927, Streetcar, omnibus and subway rates, 1926, Passenger train fare in the U.S., 1871-1933, RR ticket prices between NYC and Chicago, 1910-1944, accessories (diapers, baby bottles, etc. Source: BLS. Infant's: Tax covers both land and buildings. Covers Great Britain, France, Belgium, Germany, Sweden, Norway, Switzerland, Italy and Austria. Following legal tradition, companies usually placed blame and responsibility for injuries on the workers. Some occupations covered include telephone operators, waitresses, hotel maids, chambermaids, elevator girls, laundry workers, retail clerks, and factory workers in the wood working industry. 294-295. Tip: use the search tool to look for words like cents or rate. For example, a dollar earned in 2020 had the same buying power as 7 in 1928. Coal loaders at the face depended on mule drivers and motor men to honor the old tradition of a square turna custom through which colliers sought to control output and equalize earning opportunities by ensuring that each miner would receive the same number of cars during a workday, in the words of a mine industry historian. Wages are shown in contemporary US dollars. Source: BLS, Shows the retail prices of foodstuffs and other staple goods in the Mexican capital. The mine foreman was legally responsible for safety. 90%. Includes many brand names. 525. Then the men and boys would gather their tools and trudge down the mountainside to their little cabins to wash off the coal dust that smudged their faces, necks, arms, and hands, and to sit down for an evening meal. Wages are shown in contemporary U.S. dollars. See list of the most common occupations for women in 1910 and 1920 (source: Census Bureau). Took into account additional sources of income for farm families, such as income derived from animals or investments. Wages are shown in Japanese yen. Source: BLS, Shows the average daily wages for various occupations in 6 different industries in Japan. The veteran miners, who prided themselves on their toughness, taught the youngest ones how to act like men, how to ignore the pain, and how to laugh away their fears. $180 - $5k. Montgomery Ward catalog shows prices of radios and radio supplies on 60+ pages. 613. Source: Source: Canada Department of Labor report. Taking a mine car out of turnconstituted another grave offense. House paints, paint brushes, doors & windows, wrench sets, home improvement tools, steel safes, fencing, garden tools, wrenches & other assorted tools, water pumps, plows, milk cans, gasoline-powered generators. It may be necessary to read the chapters pertaining to the country, but you can find the actual minimum wages in the discussion. Boys younger than 12 often worked beside their fathers underground because, in many communities, it was the only paying job available. Compares average retail prices for drug-store items at independent stores and chain stores in Cincinnati and Washington DC. Source: BLS, Shows the minimum hourly wages of various occupations in Brussels. Frank Keeney left no account of how he felt the day he entered the mine portal, but one imagines the dread that might have accompanied a ten-year-old boys first trip into the hole. Government Documents Department, Ellis Library A settlement was reached when the coal board added an extra pound to wage rates after two-and-a-half days' intensive negotiations at the industry's London headquarters. Expressed in pounds, shillings, and pence. Working in coal mines is dangerous miners have to deal with toxic . Eventually, his sons and grandsons also worked in the mines. Shows data for unskilled male laborers in each of 13 industries, as well as an overall average. This website does a good job of organizing a complex topic. From. Source: BLS. Shows average wages (with and without board) by province. Fascinating book that shows various imported items (such as kid gloves, bloomers, silk nightgown, men's pipe, electric flatiron, glass lamp, etc.) Shows breakouts for automobile manufacture, cigar making, boots/shoe making, men's clothing, iron/steel and more. Prices are shown in Swiss francs. Its an era of company town labor we are not likely to see return as automation and renewable energy continue to render these kinds of occupations obsolete. Shows the average weekly wages for a variety of occupations and industries in New Zealand. Without a match he walked, hands held in front of his body, until, by chance, someone found him and gave him a light. Source: BLS. Nothing was the answer, nothing but the miserable life he and his family endured living inrented shanties hard on the railroad tracks. Shows wage rates for engineers, conductors, passenger baggage men, coal passers, firemen, switch tenders, hostlers, signalmen, station agents, telegraphers, machinists, car cleaners, and more. Careless miners always fail. Keep your hand upon the dollar, Source: Lists costs of running a farm, including costs of power, labor, insurance, interest on loans, etc. Lists the price of bricks, flooring, framing lumber, rough boards, Portland cement, roofing material, house paint and more. School and office supplies: China's worst coal mine disasters - The China Project Coal operators often provided services like company stores. MORE PRICES in the U.S. Shows wage data by manufacturing categories for 1914, 1919, 1921, and 1923. Prices are shown in contemporary US dollars. Jump directly to prices for: meats and eggs, butter, cheese, milk, bread and flour, corn meal, rice, potatoes, granulated sugar, coffee and tea, onions, navy beans, prunes, raisins, canned salmon, evaporated milk, margarine, lard, oats, corn flakes, wheat cereal, macaroni, canned baked beans, canned corn, canned peas, canned tomatoes, bananas, oranges, and more. Shows data for Washington DC, Los Angeles, Chicago, Cleveland, Detroitand otheradditional cities on pages5-9. Shows average value per acre for all real estate with buildings, and the value of land alone, by county, for six states: MA, CT, RI , ME, VT and NH. A miners compulsion to load as much coal as possible was tempered by experience, however. Chain store prices for a pack of Lucky Strike, Chesterfield, Camel, Old Gold or Piedmont. Taken from Bulletin of the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics, No. 5-6. Workers, Kohinoor mine, Shenandoah, Pennsylvania, 1884, Managers, Kohinoor mine, Shenandoah, Pennsylvania, 1884. This answer is: Study guides. Shows wages by occupation grouped by industries, with breakouts for males and females.

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